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Data dredging hypothesis testing2/29/2024 ![]() ![]() 4 In fact, treating a p-value as a dichotomous variable is unfounded. 3 Furthermore, the arbitrary cut-off of 0.05 has led to the scientifically unsound practice of regarding so-called 'significant findings' as more valuable, reliable or reproducible. Beta errors are common in orthopaedic literature, with up to 28% of randomised controlled trials erroneously failing to reject the null hypothesis. ![]() In other words, if the power of a study is low, a repeat study will likely yield a substantially different p-value. However, the p-value is unable to reliably perform this function if the statistical power is not very high. 2 In other words, it is the probability of finding an effect at least as or more extreme than the observed findings if the null hypothesis is true. 1 It can be defined as a measure of strength of evidence against the null hypothesis. The p-value was introduced by Fisher as a method to perform null hypothesis testing and has since been used widely in science as an indicator of significance. PhD, Editor-in-Chief, South African Orthopaedic Journal ![]()
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